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river switzerland water flood.jpeg
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Hydrographs


Describe and explain hydrograph characteristics (lag time, peak discharge, base flow) and explain how natural influences affect hydrographs, including geology and seasonality

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Hydrographs


Describe and explain hydrograph characteristics (lag time, peak discharge, base flow) and explain how natural influences affect hydrographs, including geology and seasonality

How physical and human factors exacerbate and mitigate flood risk for different places

KEY CONCEPT

 
 
 
flood hydrograph.png
 
 

task

  1. Complete the task below from geographyalltheway.com

  2. Read and make notes on pp 16-18

  3. Compare and contrast the hydrographs for a rural and urban area

 

plenary

How would the following factors affect the shape of a flood hydrograph? (Source)

Write the factor > effect on drainage basin process > effect on shape of hydrograph

 
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Flood Risk


How urbanisation, deforestation and channel modifications affect flood risk within a drainage basin, including its distribution, frequency and magnitude

Flood Risk


How urbanisation, deforestation and channel modifications affect flood risk within a drainage basin, including its distribution, frequency and magnitude

Why is Switzerland prone to flooding? (relief, geology, distance from sea, altitude, snow)

The “Wasserschloss” (the confluence of the rivers Aare, Reuss and Limmat in the Canton of Aargau) during the flood of August 2007.

The “Wasserschloss” (the confluence of the rivers Aare, Reuss and Limmat in the Canton of Aargau) during the flood of August 2007.

 

why is switzerland at risk from flooding?

 

CAUSES OF FLOODING IN MOUNTAIN AREAS

HUMAN

  • Deforestation in ski areas

  • Soil compaction on ski slopes

  • Lack of coordination between environmental agencies

  • Insufficient forecasting and warning

  • Urbanisation of rural areas

  • Bridge construction collecting debris blocking river

PHYSICAL

  • Heavy rainfall

  • Long periods of rain

  • Saturated ground > less infiltration > more surface runoff

  • High snow line > precipitation doesn't store as snow

  • Snowmelt

  • Steep slopes

  • Impermeable rock

 

CASE STUDY: the river aare, SWITZERLAND

The Aare River Basin, northern Switzerland.

 

  1. Draw a simple sketch map of the Aare river basin.

  2. Describe the Aare's course, naming major cities.

TASK 1

 
 

CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE 2005 FLOOD IN SWITZERLAND

TASK

  1. Read the document.

  2. Highlight causes and effects using two different colours.

  3. Transfer these to a grid in your book, separating natural and human causes and consequences.

  4. Use this information to write an answer to the exam question below.

 
 

how engineering can prevent future flooding

 
 

DISTRIBUTION, FREQUENCY & MAGNITUDE OF FLOODS IN SWITZERLAND

Describe the trends in frequency and magnitude of flood events in Switzerland between 1972 and 2007

 
 

EXAM QUESTION

rhone correction 3 river.jpg

Stream Management Strategies


Evaluate the costs and benefits of alternative stream management strategies

Stream Management Strategies


Evaluate the costs and benefits of alternative stream management strategies

The “Wasserschloss” (the confluence of the rivers Aare, Reuss and Limmat in the Canton of Aargau) during the flood of August 2007.

The “Wasserschloss” (the confluence of the rivers Aare, Reuss and Limmat in the Canton of Aargau) during the flood of August 2007.

Brainstorm ways that rivers can be modified to reduce the risk of flooding.

 
 

river cross section

 
 

web quest: stream management strategies in switzerland

1 - THUn

Management strategies:

  1. Flood relief tunnel (Thun)
  2. Channel enlargement (Bern)
 

2 - stans, nidwalden

Management strategies:

  1. Catchment basin

  2. Flood relief channel

  3. Flood proofing

 

3 - RIver thur

management strategies:

  1. Channelisation (original management strategy)

  2. River restoration

  3. Groynes/concrete piers

  4. River bank excavation

  5. River bank conservation

  6. Mobile flood embankments

 

4 - altstatten in st. gallen, burgdorf in bern and wasen in emmental

Management strategies:

  1. Debris removal in Altstatten, St. Gallen

  2. Bridge raising in Burgdorf, Bern

  3. Flood embankments in Burgdorf, Bern

  4. Channel enlargement in Burgdorf, Bern 

  5. Catchment basin dam in Altstatten, St. Gallen

  6. Channelisation in Wasen, Emmental

 
 

resources

 
 
 

task 1

  1. Make four groups.
  2. Each person in the same group watches the same video.
  3. Work together to complete the grid, using the video and the second sheet to help you.
  4. Agree on the most important information to share.

Task 2

  1. Make four new groups with mixed members

  2. Share your management strategies with the group

  3. Listen to the other students and complete the grid

 

 
 

practice exam question

 
river switzerland water flood.jpeg

Floodplain Modification


Examine the human modifications of a floodplain and their effect on the size and probability of floods

Floodplain Modification


Examine the human modifications of a floodplain and their effect on the size and probability of floods

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  1. Identify two transfers and two stores shown in the diagram.

  2. Explain three ways in which human activity can reduce the time taken for water to pass through the system.

 

CASE STUDY: FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT AND FLOODING IN DONCASTER, UK

 

  1. Create a mind map showing the modifications to the drainage basin and flood plain which led to flooding in Doncaster, UK

 

EFFECTS ON SIZE AND PROBABILITY OF FLOODS

Describe what the two graphs below illustrate about human intervention on flood plains and the frequency and severity of flood events.

urban development flooding frequency.gif
flood frequency graph.gif